Many Agencies Questioned China'S "Pseudo Urbanization" &Nbsp; The Average Per Capita Welfare In Urban And Rural Areas Was 330 Thousand Yuan.

Recently, three research institutes, including the Institute of Finance and trade, the Institute of economics, Renmin University of China and the China Development Research Foundation, have issued reports respectively, which invariably criticize China's "pseudo urbanization" in the current household registration system.

"Just after the sixth census, our urbanization process has reached 49.68%, of which 10% is still no urban account farmers, which means that there are still many problems to be solved in the urbanization of our country."

Li Tieye, director of the center for urban and small town development of the national development and Reform Commission, said the second forum on urban and rural development held in May 5th.

According to the permanent resident population, China's urban population will surpass the rural population for the first time in 2013. How to prevent the "breaking" of the benign cycle of population agglomeration and economic agglomeration, and "12th Five-Year" has become a lag in the reform of the household registration system.

The first thing to solve in household registration reform is the equalization of basic public service system, including compulsory education, medical insurance and old-age security.

Although the basic principles of "equalization of basic public services" were put forward in the "11th Five-Year" plan issued in 2006, the status quo of the equalization of basic public services in China has not changed, and there are obvious regional differences.

According to the State Council's opinions on the compilation of the plan for the main functional areas of the country, it is necessary to "guide the rational and balanced distribution of population and economy in the territory of the country, and gradually achieve equalization of public services in different regions and urban and rural areas".

Fan Hengshan, director of the regional division of the national development and Reform Commission, said in a recent lecture: "we will continue to promote equalization of public services in the process of planning the main functional areas, so that fiscal, financial policies and disciplines, teaching, culture and health will be equally concentrated in all areas. This equalization is not equalitarianism, but equality of rights and opportunities. In these respects, we are far from achieving it."

The difference between rural and urban welfare per capita is 330 thousand yuan.

The national research report recommends "dilute the function of household registration rights and find alternative management tools".

How to solve the problem that the floating population enjoys equal services with the urban residents in the city? A series of supportive policies are being studied and progresses slowly.

In March this year, the "12th Five-Year" plan put forward by the National People's Congress approved that the mega cities should rationally control the size of the population. Large and medium-sized cities should strengthen and improve population management and continue to play an important role in attracting foreign population. Small and medium-sized cities and small towns should relax the conditions of settlement according to the actual conditions.

We should encourage all localities to explore relevant policies and methods, and rationally determine the scale of the pfer of agricultural pferred population to urban residents.

"The difficulty of rural population mobility is that you will enjoy the welfare of another village if you want to go to another village. Apart from being a member of your family, the pfer of household registration is almost impossible under the existing rural land system."

Li Tie said.

In his view, urbanization should first solve the equal service of migrant population and urban residents, and solve the urbanization process of farmers in urban administrative areas.

Behind the household registration system, it affects the welfare coverage of the household registration population. According to Ma Li, member of the National Committee of education, culture and health, the per capita difference between China's rural and urban welfare benefits is 330 thousand yuan, and the average welfare of the large cities is more than 500 thousand, and the small and medium-sized cities are more than ten thousand.

In recent years, Shanghai, Guangdong and other places have gradually promoted the reform of household registration.

The foreign population has some basic rights from the residence permit. After receiving the residence permit and paying the social insurance premium for a certain number of years, and satisfying other additional conditions, they can apply for permanent residence registration and enjoy more rights.

According to Lu Huajie, a consultant on population in Beijing planning in 12th Five-Year, there is still a gap between the welfare of the registered population and the registered population, but there is no difference in basic services such as compulsory education and social security.

In June last year, Guangdong issued the guiding opinions on carrying out the work of integrating migrant workers into urban areas (Trial Implementation), marking the number of migrant workers on a number of indicators, and applying 60 points to apply for the household. Their spouses and minor children can move along, and the estimated annual intake is 600 thousand.

Chongqing put forward a more ambitious household registration reform plan last year. According to Xu Qiang, deputy director of Chongqing development and Reform Commission, as of the beginning of April this year, a total of 1 million 700 thousand rural population in Chongqing were converted to urban residents in the household registration reform, with a daily average of more than 7000 people.

A report written by the research group of the Ministry of social development of the State Council Development Research Center, "Research on population management policy in the main functional areas", put forward: "desalting the function of household registration rights and finding alternative management tools".

The research group believes that the additional conditions stipulated by Guangdong and Shanghai are still more than others, but it provides a more realistic way to reform the household registration system.

According to the principle of equal rights and obligations, the research group designed the household registration reform operation plan: as long as there is a standard decent housing in the local area (including rent), permanent residence registration is allowed, residence permit is issued, residence permit is taken as the enjoyment condition of the basic rights of the citizens, and the conditions of paying the social insurance premium years, the tax payment years and (or) residence years are the conditions to obtain the additional rights.

Population size should match economic scale.

Attracting population to improve the coordination degree of regional economy and population distribution can be set as expected indicators of performance appraisal.

The exclusion of the household registration system seriously restricts the free flow of the population.

Su Yang, a researcher at the Department of social development of the National Research Center, selected some developed countries and three developing countries in China, India and Brazil, and made a coordinated analysis of the regional economy and population distribution. The results showed that China's spatial distribution is the highest.

"If the number of registered permanent residents who can fully enjoy the achievements of local economic development is calculated, this disharmony will be even higher."

Su Yang said.

The research team of the main functional area population management policy research found that the attitude of the government in the economically developed areas to the low threshold to accept the floating population is relatively negative, while the less developed areas are worried about the voluntary population pfer policy and the implementation of the main functional zoning.

In order to prevent preferential development zones and optimized development zones as long as preferential policies such as land, industry, finance and taxation, and environmental protection do not fulfill the obligations required by the population management policy, Su Yang suggests: "according to the assumption of the coordination of regional economy and population distribution in the founding of 100th anniversary, and the upper target value of the coordination of regional economy and population distribution, we should calculate the number of new population that should be added to every uncoordinated developed area in the next 40 years, as an expected indicator of macroeconomic regulation and control."

"In this way, we can make the leaders of the party and government who restrict and prohibit the development area change the motive of large-scale development, and help the local governments in the key development zones and the optimized development areas to cope with the pressure of the vested interest groups. Moreover, the addition of this expected index can play a balance role in the local government's speculative activities, which can be used to report the gross output value and the number of reported population. It can partly make up for the shortcomings of the existing statistics and performance appraisal system, and also to some extent, make up for the deficiencies of the existing tax system in terms of heavy production and light consumption."

Su Yang said.

Whether local governments can consciously formulate and implement regional policies in accordance with the main functional area planning, their performance appraisal system becomes the key.

The task force believes that different party and government leaders at different levels should adopt different performance appraisal indicators, especially in prohibiting and restricting the development zones. We should substantially reform the current performance appraisal index system, and strive to make the former priority in employment and make the latter better.

"Under the current political system, this is a problem that must be solved to constrain the irrational impulses of local government's performance and to place the core of employment as the core of the people's livelihood."

Su Yang said.

At the same time, the research group suggested that the matching of population size and economic scale should be gradually taken as an important assessment index to be included in the performance appraisal system. It is about to absorb the population to improve the coordination degree of regional economy and population distribution, and set up an expected target for assessing the prefecture level and provincial governments in economically developed areas.